KC3 presents the latest available data on climate change indicators in Southeast Asian countries drawn from The World Bank Data Catalogue. This page provides information for researchers, development workers, policymakers, and other users who want to gather relevant climate data in each Southeast Asian country.
| Climate Change Indicator, as of Year | Latest Data |
|---|
| Access to electricity (% of population), 2021 | 100 |
| Agricultural land (% of land area), 2021 | 2.543 |
| Agricultural land (sq. km), 2021 | 134 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP), 2022 | 1.096 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources), 2020 | 1.082 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters), 2020 | 0.092 |
| Arable land (% of land area), 2021 | 0.759 |
| Average precipitation in depth (mm per year), 2020 | 2,722 |
| Cereal yield (kg per hectare), 2022 | 2,800 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2015 US$ of GDP), 2020 | 0.714 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2017 PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.352 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.334 |
| CO2 emissions (kt), 2020 | 9,588 |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita), 2020 | 21.706 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 83.351 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 5,342.819 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 28.146 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 1,804.164 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 0 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 0 |
| CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use), 2014 | 1.961 |
| Disaster risk reduction progress score (1-5 scale; 5=best), 2011 | 2.750 |
| Ease of doing business rank (1=most business-friendly regulations), 2019 | 66 |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita), 2014 | 10,121.059 |
| Electricity production from coal sources (% of total), 2015 | 0 |
| Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total), 2015 | 0 |
| Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total), 2015 | 98.952 |
| Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total), 2014 | 0 |
| Electricity production from oil sources (% of total), 2015 | 1 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total), 2015 | 0.048 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh), 2015 | 2,000,000 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), 2014 | 8,529.730 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per jumi,000 GDP (constant 2017 PPP), 2014 | 135.111 |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 2022 | -1.753 |
| Forest area (% of land area), 2021 | 72.106 |
| Forest area (sq. km), 2021 | 3,800 |
| HFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 427 |
| Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 5.502 |
| Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters), 2022 | 0.201 |
| Methane emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 25.701 |
| Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 1,538.874 |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), 2021 | 11.500 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | -40.055 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 137.896 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | -96.022 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2016 | -902.126 |
| PFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Population growth (annual %), 2022 | 0.812 |
| Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 20.871 |
| Population, total, 2022 | 449,002 |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group), 2020 | 100.353 |
| Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output), 2015 | 0.048 |
| Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption), 2020 | 0.010 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 4.912 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 283.464 |
| Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 6.933 |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI), 2020 | 1.019 |
| SF6 gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area), 2022 | 8.989 |
| Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area), 2022 | 46.872 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | -19.262 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 11,914.033 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 0.590 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 34.033 |
| Urban population, 2022 | 354,056 |
| Urban population (% of total population), 2022 | 78.854 |
| Urban population growth (annual %), 2022 | 1.193 |
| Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 13.938 |
| Climate Change Indicator, as of Year | Latest Data |
|---|
| Access to electricity (% of population), 2021 | 82.502 |
| Agricultural land (% of land area), 2021 | 34.552 |
| Agricultural land (sq. km), 2021 | 60,991.397 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP), 2022 | 22.230 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources), 2020 | 1.811 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters), 2020 | 2.184 |
| Arable land (% of land area), 2021 | 23.341 |
| Average precipitation in depth (mm per year), 2020 | 1,904 |
| Cereal yield (kg per hectare), 2022 | 3,654 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2015 US$ of GDP), 2020 | 0.810 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2017 PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.266 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.252 |
| CO2 emissions (kt), 2020 | 18,652.800 |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita), 2020 | 1.138 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 0 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 0 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 65.006 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 6,435.585 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 27.114 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 2,684.244 |
| CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use), 2014 | 1.041 |
| CPIA public sector management and institutions cluster average (1=low to 6=high), 2022 | 2.800 |
| Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009), 2009 | 6.644 |
| Ease of doing business rank (1=most business-friendly regulations), 2019 | 144 |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita), 2014 | 272.503 |
| Electricity production from coal sources (% of total), 2015 | 48.397 |
| Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total), 2015 | 45.486 |
| Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total), 2015 | 0 |
| Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total), 2014 | 0 |
| Electricity production from oil sources (% of total), 2015 | 5.185 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total), 2015 | 0.932 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh), 2015 | 41,000,000 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), 2014 | 418.584 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per jumi,000 GDP (constant 2017 PPP), 2014 | 123.901 |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 2022 | 12.130 |
| Forest area (% of land area), 2021 | 44.826 |
| Forest area (sq. km), 2021 | 79,126.800 |
| GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent), 1994 | -17.908 |
| HFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 1.735 |
| Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters), 2022 | 1.442 |
| Methane emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 137.600 |
| Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 17,836.426 |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), 2021 | 24.800 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 329.135 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 4,784.593 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2016 | 3,983.042 |
| PFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Population growth (annual %), 2022 | 1.072 |
| Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population), 2023 | 13.463 |
| Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 2.005 |
| Population, total, 2022 | 16,767,842 |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5), 2021 | 16.300 |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group), 2022 | 90.700 |
| Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output), 2015 | 46.418 |
| Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption), 2020 | 51.410 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 1.717 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 3,055.825 |
| Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 1.317 |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI), 2021 | 1.038 |
| SF6 gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area), 2022 | 31.768 |
| Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area), 2022 | 39.739 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 552.598 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 42,363.179 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 0.019 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 33.076 |
| Urban population, 2022 | 4,211,076 |
| Urban population (% of total population), 2022 | 25.114 |
| Urban population growth (annual %), 2022 | 2.864 |
| Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 0.688 |
| Climate Change Indicator, as of Year | Latest Data |
|---|
| Access to electricity (% of population), 2021 | 99.210 |
| Agricultural land (% of land area), 2021 | 34.134 |
| Agricultural land (sq. km), 2021 | 646,000 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP), 2022 | 12.400 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources), 2020 | 11.029 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters), 2020 | 222.635 |
| Arable land (% of land area), 2021 | 13.897 |
| Average precipitation in depth (mm per year), 2020 | 2,702 |
| Cereal yield (kg per hectare), 2022 | 5,393.500 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2015 US$ of GDP), 2020 | 0.548 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2017 PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.180 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.170 |
| CO2 emissions (kt), 2020 | 563,197 |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita), 2020 | 2.072 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 18.437 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 91,260.629 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 42.790 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 211,802.253 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 43.204 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 213,852.106 |
| CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use), 2014 | 2.173 |
| Community health workers (per 1,000 people), 2015 | 0 |
| Disaster risk reduction progress score (1-5 scale; 5=best), 2011 | 3.250 |
| Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009), 2009 | 0.161 |
| Ease of doing business rank (1=most business-friendly regulations), 2019 | 73 |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita), 2019 | 1,084 |
| Electricity production from coal sources (% of total), 2015 | 55.776 |
| Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total), 2015 | 5.873 |
| Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total), 2015 | 25.170 |
| Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total), 2014 | 0 |
| Electricity production from oil sources (% of total), 2015 | 8.398 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total), 2015 | 4.779 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh), 2015 | 11,181,000,000 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), 2014 | 880.121 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per jumi,000 GDP (constant 2017 PPP), 2014 | 90.185 |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 2022 | 1.873 |
| Forest area (% of land area), 2021 | 48.362 |
| Forest area (sq. km), 2021 | 915,276.633 |
| GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent), 1994 | 164.118 |
| HFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 7.710 |
| Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters), 2022 | 3.058 |
| Methane emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 5.571 |
| Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 333,994.910 |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), 2021 | 22.200 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | -7.375 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 75,595.643 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | -99.632 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2016 | -32,215.648 |
| PFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 135 |
| Population growth (annual %), 2022 | 0.637 |
| Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population), 2023 | 14.270 |
| Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 8.818 |
| Population, total, 2022 | 275,501,339 |
| Poverty headcount ratio at [plugins/custom/cc-indicators/browse-sea-countries.php][3].15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population), 2023 | 1.900 |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5), 2018 | 17.700 |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group), 2022 | 102.986 |
| Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output), 2019 | 16.247 |
| Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption), 2020 | 22.010 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 7.444 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 140,582.420 |
| Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 2.444 |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI), 2018 | 0.993 |
| SF6 gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 1,106 |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area), 2022 | 5.268 |
| Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area), 2022 | 12.166 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | -33.006 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 976,487.677 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 0.266 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 5,029.162 |
| Urban population, 2022 | 159,608,946 |
| Urban population (% of total population), 2022 | 57.934 |
| Urban population growth (annual %), 2022 | 1.754 |
| Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 6.374 |
| Climate Change Indicator, as of Year | Latest Data |
|---|
| Access to electricity (% of population), 2021 | 100 |
| Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land), 2021 | 21.713 |
| Agricultural land (% of land area), 2021 | 8.800 |
| Agricultural land (sq. km), 2021 | 20,310 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP), 2022 | 14.869 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources), 2020 | 3.860 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters), 2020 | 7.350 |
| Arable land (% of land area), 2021 | 5.303 |
| Average precipitation in depth (mm per year), 2020 | 1,834 |
| Cereal yield (kg per hectare), 2022 | 4,454.200 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2015 US$ of GDP), 2020 | 1.032 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2017 PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.337 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.320 |
| CO2 emissions (kt), 2020 | 19,178.900 |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita), 2020 | 2.620 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 0 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 0 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 19.003 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 2,918.932 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 90.147 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 13,846.592 |
| CPIA public sector management and institutions cluster average (1=low to 6=high), 2022 | 2.800 |
| Disaster risk reduction progress score (1-5 scale; 5=best), 2011 | 2.250 |
| Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009), 2009 | 2.693 |
| Ease of doing business rank (1=most business-friendly regulations), 2019 | 154 |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 2022 | 4.110 |
| Forest area (% of land area), 2021 | 71.755 |
| Forest area (sq. km), 2021 | 165,610 |
| GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent), 1990 | -104.304 |
| Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 0 |
| Methane emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 84.406 |
| Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 8,011.314 |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), 2021 | 42.500 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 101.702 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 3,143.072 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 691.893 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2016 | 10,918.724 |
| Population growth (annual %), 2022 | 1.396 |
| Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 0 |
| Population, total, 2022 | 7,529,475 |
| Poverty headcount ratio at [plugins/custom/cc-indicators/browse-sea-countries.php][4].15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population), 2018 | 7.100 |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5), 2017 | 21.100 |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group), 2022 | 89.053 |
| Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output), 2015 | 86.370 |
| Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption), 2021 | 50.010 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 0 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 0 |
| Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 0 |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI), 2021 | 0.963 |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area), 2022 | 18.688 |
| Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area), 2022 | 18.688 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 436.762 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 30,491.445 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 0 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 0 |
| Urban population, 2022 | 2,830,480 |
| Urban population (% of total population), 2022 | 37.592 |
| Urban population growth (annual %), 2022 | 3.149 |
| Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 0 |
| Climate Change Indicator, as of Year | Latest Data |
|---|
| Access to electricity (% of population), 2021 | 100 |
| Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land), 2021 | 5.157 |
| Agricultural land (% of land area), 2021 | 26.087 |
| Agricultural land (sq. km), 2021 | 85,710 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP), 2022 | 8.921 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources), 2020 | 1.156 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters), 2020 | 6.707 |
| Arable land (% of land area), 2021 | 2.514 |
| Average precipitation in depth (mm per year), 2020 | 2,875 |
| Cereal yield (kg per hectare), 2022 | 3,749.600 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2015 US$ of GDP), 2020 | 0.711 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2017 PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.286 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.270 |
| CO2 emissions (kt), 2020 | 245,139.300 |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita), 2020 | 7.384 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 32.184 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 73,585.689 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 38.378 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 87,747.643 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 31.393 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 71,777.858 |
| CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use), 2014 | 2.583 |
| Community health workers (per 1,000 people), 2010 | 0.435 |
| Disaster risk reduction progress score (1-5 scale; 5=best), 2011 | 3.750 |
| Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009), 2009 | 0.097 |
| Ease of doing business rank (1=most business-friendly regulations), 2019 | 12 |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita), 2014 | 4,539.499 |
| Electricity production from coal sources (% of total), 2015 | 42.281 |
| Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total), 2015 | 9.275 |
| Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total), 2015 | 46.603 |
| Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total), 2014 | 0 |
| Electricity production from oil sources (% of total), 2015 | 1.158 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total), 2015 | 0.682 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh), 2015 | 1,024,000,000 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), 2014 | 2,930.848 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per jumi,000 GDP (constant 2017 PPP), 2014 | 125.635 |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 2022 | 3.618 |
| Forest area (% of land area), 2021 | 58.024 |
| Forest area (sq. km), 2021 | 190,638.900 |
| GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent), 2000 | -220.194 |
| HFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 48 |
| Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 6.890 |
| Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters), 2022 | 5.556 |
| Methane emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 45.092 |
| Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 37,175.598 |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), 2021 | 7.600 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 9.499 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 9,265.096 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | -96.346 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2016 | -29,431.548 |
| PFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 357 |
| Population growth (annual %), 2022 | 1.079 |
| Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population), 2023 | 25.130 |
| Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 10.126 |
| Population, total, 2022 | 33,938,221 |
| Poverty headcount ratio at [plugins/custom/cc-indicators/browse-sea-countries.php][5].15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population), 2021 | 0 |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5), 2019 | 14.100 |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group), 2022 | 95.110 |
| Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output), 2015 | 9.957 |
| Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption), 2020 | 5.840 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 6.365 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 20,980.597 |
| Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 3.607 |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI), 2020 | 1.040 |
| SF6 gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 790 |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area), 2022 | 8.846 |
| Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area), 2022 | 13.327 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 40.542 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 302,088.663 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 0.525 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 1,730.754 |
| Urban population, 2022 | 26,544,440 |
| Urban population (% of total population), 2022 | 78.214 |
| Urban population growth (annual %), 2022 | 1.744 |
| Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 6.519 |
| Climate Change Indicator, as of Year | Latest Data |
|---|
| Access to electricity (% of population), 2021 | 72.467 |
| Agricultural irrigated land (% of total agricultural land), 2020 | 13.205 |
| Agricultural land (% of land area), 2021 | 19.888 |
| Agricultural land (sq. km), 2021 | 129,800 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP), 2022 | 22.334 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources), 2020 | 3.314 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters), 2020 | 33.231 |
| Arable land (% of land area), 2021 | 16.839 |
| Average precipitation in depth (mm per year), 2020 | 2,091 |
| Cereal yield (kg per hectare), 2022 | 3,456.700 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2015 US$ of GDP), 2020 | 0.490 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2017 PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.135 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.128 |
| CO2 emissions (kt), 2020 | 33,874.600 |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita), 2020 | 0.634 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 36.938 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 8,085.735 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 66.254 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 14,502.985 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 5.528 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 1,210.110 |
| CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use), 2014 | 0.882 |
| Community health workers (per 1,000 people), 2012 | 0.195 |
| CPIA public sector management and institutions cluster average (1=low to 6=high), 2022 | 1.900 |
| Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009), 2009 | 0.092 |
| Ease of doing business rank (1=most business-friendly regulations), 2019 | 165 |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita), 2014 | 220.393 |
| Electricity production from coal sources (% of total), 2015 | 1.785 |
| Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total), 2015 | 58.854 |
| Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total), 2015 | 39.017 |
| Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total), 2014 | 0 |
| Electricity production from oil sources (% of total), 2015 | 0.344 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total), 2015 | 0 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh), 2015 | 0 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), 2014 | 378.071 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per jumi,000 GDP (constant 2017 PPP), 2014 | 95.216 |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 2022 | 1.989 |
| Forest area (% of land area), 2021 | 43.290 |
| Forest area (sq. km), 2021 | 282,541.800 |
| HFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 4.515 |
| Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters), 2022 | 0.478 |
| Methane emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | -3.996 |
| Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 72,110.017 |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), 2021 | 41.800 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | -39.567 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 22,956.530 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | -45.306 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2016 | 5,188.224 |
| PFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Population growth (annual %), 2022 | 0.706 |
| Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population), 2023 | 13.086 |
| Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 6.812 |
| Population, total, 2022 | 54,179,306 |
| Poverty headcount ratio at [plugins/custom/cc-indicators/browse-sea-countries.php][6].15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population), 2017 | 2 |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5), 2018 | 19.500 |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group), 2018 | 103.588 |
| Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output), 2015 | 58.854 |
| Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption), 2020 | 59.750 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 4.460 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 29,735.432 |
| Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 3.461 |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI), 2018 | 1.011 |
| SF6 gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area), 2022 | 3.937 |
| Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area), 2022 | 6.580 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | -39.640 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 128,949.399 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 0.055 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 365.948 |
| Urban population, 2022 | 17,213,307 |
| Urban population (% of total population), 2022 | 31.771 |
| Urban population growth (annual %), 2022 | 1.728 |
| Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 3.351 |
| Climate Change Indicator, as of Year | Latest Data |
|---|
| Access to electricity (% of population), 2021 | 97.490 |
| Agricultural land (% of land area), 2021 | 42.536 |
| Agricultural land (sq. km), 2021 | 126,830 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP), 2022 | 9.549 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources), 2020 | 17.926 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters), 2020 | 85.867 |
| Arable land (% of land area), 2021 | 18.748 |
| Average precipitation in depth (mm per year), 2020 | 2,348 |
| Cereal yield (kg per hectare), 2022 | 3,821.600 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2015 US$ of GDP), 2020 | 0.372 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2017 PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.153 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.145 |
| CO2 emissions (kt), 2020 | 133,471.300 |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita), 2020 | 1.190 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 6.115 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 7,638.361 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 44.980 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 56,189.441 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 36.817 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 45,991.514 |
| CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use), 2014 | 2.190 |
| Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009), 2009 | 0.806 |
| Ease of doing business rank (1=most business-friendly regulations), 2019 | 95 |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita), 2014 | 690.766 |
| Electricity production from coal sources (% of total), 2015 | 44.515 |
| Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total), 2015 | 10.514 |
| Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total), 2015 | 22.907 |
| Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total), 2014 | 0 |
| Electricity production from oil sources (% of total), 2015 | 7.142 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total), 2015 | 14.899 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh), 2015 | 12,279,000,000 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), 2014 | 470.497 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per jumi,000 GDP (constant 2017 PPP), 2014 | 68.013 |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 2022 | 2.317 |
| Forest area (% of land area), 2021 | 24.226 |
| Forest area (sq. km), 2021 | 72,234.800 |
| GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent), 1994 | -0.127 |
| HFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 4.649 |
| Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters), 2022 | 1.744 |
| Methane emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 37.600 |
| Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 65,722.007 |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), 2021 | 25.700 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 29.139 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 14,455.782 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | -15.416 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2016 | 4,267.338 |
| PFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Population growth (annual %), 2022 | 1.463 |
| Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population), 2023 | 14.161 |
| Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 10.524 |
| Population, total, 2022 | 115,559,009 |
| Poverty headcount ratio at [plugins/custom/cc-indicators/browse-sea-countries.php][7].15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population), 2021 | 3 |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5), 2015 | 21.400 |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group), 2022 | 87.983 |
| Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output), 2015 | 25.413 |
| Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption), 2020 | 29.060 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 4.136 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 12,170.141 |
| Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 4.589 |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI), 2021 | 1.026 |
| SF6 gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 459 |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area), 2022 | 3.722 |
| Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area), 2022 | 15.869 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 73.625 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 224,971.763 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 0.514 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 1,511.452 |
| Urban population, 2022 | 55,441,746 |
| Urban population (% of total population), 2022 | 47.977 |
| Urban population growth (annual %), 2022 | 2.076 |
| Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 5.936 |
| Climate Change Indicator, as of Year | Latest Data |
|---|
| Access to electricity (% of population), 2021 | 100 |
| Agricultural land (% of land area), 2021 | 0.919 |
| Agricultural land (sq. km), 2021 | 6.600 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP), 2022 | 0.028 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources), 2020 | 83.117 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters), 2020 | 0.499 |
| Arable land (% of land area), 2021 | 0.780 |
| Average precipitation in depth (mm per year), 2020 | 2,497 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2015 US$ of GDP), 2020 | 0.130 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2017 PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.081 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.077 |
| CO2 emissions (kt), 2020 | 43,705 |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita), 2020 | 7.687 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 43.001 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 19,849.471 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 34.342 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 15,852.441 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 3.972 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 1,833.500 |
| CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use), 2014 | 1.587 |
| Community health workers (per 1,000 people), 2016 | 0.503 |
| Ease of doing business rank (1=most business-friendly regulations), 2019 | 2 |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita), 2014 | 8,844.688 |
| Electricity production from coal sources (% of total), 2015 | 1.196 |
| Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total), 2015 | 0 |
| Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total), 2015 | 95.029 |
| Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total), 2014 | 0 |
| Electricity production from oil sources (% of total), 2015 | 0.698 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total), 2015 | 1.821 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh), 2015 | 918,000,000 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), 2014 | 5,121.804 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per jumi,000 GDP (constant 2017 PPP), 2014 | 58.400 |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 2022 | 30.173 |
| Forest area (% of land area), 2021 | 21.435 |
| Forest area (sq. km), 2021 | 153.900 |
| HFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 2,207 |
| Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 9.757 |
| Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters), 2022 | 0.013 |
| Methane emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 143.259 |
| Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 4,347.651 |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), 2021 | 2.100 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 111.240 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 10,311.480 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 413.383 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2016 | 2,728.241 |
| PFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 703 |
| Population growth (annual %), 2022 | 3.309 |
| Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population), 2023 | 100 |
| Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 0.663 |
| Population, total, 2022 | 5,637,022 |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group), 2021 | 100.558 |
| Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output), 2015 | 1.821 |
| Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption), 2020 | 0.920 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 6.596 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 43.815 |
| Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 0.007 |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI), 2020 | 0.996 |
| SF6 gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 386 |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area), 2022 | 2.464 |
| Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area), 2022 | 5.555 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 64,266.743 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 3.161 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 20.995 |
| Urban population, 2022 | 5,637,022 |
| Urban population (% of total population), 2022 | 100 |
| Urban population growth (annual %), 2022 | 3.309 |
| Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 0.657 |
| Climate Change Indicator, as of Year | Latest Data |
|---|
| Access to electricity (% of population), 2021 | 100 |
| Agricultural land (% of land area), 2021 | 45.998 |
| Agricultural land (sq. km), 2021 | 235,000 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP), 2022 | 8.815 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources), 2020 | 25.525 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters), 2020 | 57.307 |
| Arable land (% of land area), 2021 | 33.569 |
| Average precipitation in depth (mm per year), 2020 | 1,622 |
| Cereal yield (kg per hectare), 2022 | 3,092.500 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2015 US$ of GDP), 2020 | 0.614 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2017 PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.220 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.209 |
| CO2 emissions (kt), 2020 | 265,478.900 |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita), 2020 | 3.714 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 32.452 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 84,608.691 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 46.060 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 120,086.916 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 22.687 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 59,148.710 |
| CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use), 2014 | 1.919 |
| Disaster risk reduction progress score (1-5 scale; 5=best), 2011 | 3.750 |
| Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009), 2009 | 3.751 |
| Ease of doing business rank (1=most business-friendly regulations), 2019 | 21 |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita), 2014 | 2,483.557 |
| Electricity production from coal sources (% of total), 2015 | 19.454 |
| Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total), 2015 | 2.666 |
| Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total), 2015 | 71.437 |
| Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total), 2014 | 0 |
| Electricity production from oil sources (% of total), 2015 | 0.570 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total), 2015 | 5.873 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh), 2015 | 10,439,000,000 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), 2014 | 1,926.160 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per jumi,000 GDP (constant 2017 PPP), 2014 | 124.195 |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 2022 | 2.267 |
| Forest area (% of land area), 2021 | 38.828 |
| Forest area (sq. km), 2021 | 198,370 |
| GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent), 2000 | -7.891 |
| HFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 4.239 |
| Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters), 2022 | 4.443 |
| Methane emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 25.318 |
| Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 75,892.780 |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), 2021 | 8.300 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 67.520 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 20,931.778 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 227.555 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2016 | 28,219.842 |
| PFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Population growth (annual %), 2022 | 0.134 |
| Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population), 2023 | 21.025 |
| Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 17.471 |
| Population, total, 2022 | 71,697,030 |
| Poverty headcount ratio at [plugins/custom/cc-indicators/browse-sea-countries.php][9].15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population), 2021 | 0 |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5), 2019 | 7.700 |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group), 2022 | 97.393 |
| Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output), 2015 | 8.538 |
| Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption), 2020 | 20.830 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 3.456 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 17,671.417 |
| Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 2.820 |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI), 2022 | 1.028 |
| SF6 gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 1,388 |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area), 2022 | 13.299 |
| Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area), 2022 | 18.548 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 111.672 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 433,773.458 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 0.784 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 4,007.044 |
| Urban population, 2022 | 37,919,842 |
| Urban population (% of total population), 2022 | 52.889 |
| Urban population growth (annual %), 2022 | 1.516 |
| Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 14.651 |
| Climate Change Indicator, as of Year | Latest Data |
|---|
| Access to electricity (% of population), 2021 | 100 |
| Agricultural land (% of land area), 2021 | 22.959 |
| Agricultural land (sq. km), 2021 | 3,414 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP), 2022 | 10.230 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources), 2020 | 14.267 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters), 2020 | 1.172 |
| Arable land (% of land area), 2021 | 7.498 |
| Average precipitation in depth (mm per year), 2020 | 1,500 |
| Cereal yield (kg per hectare), 2022 | 2,046.100 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2015 US$ of GDP), 2020 | 0.173 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2017 PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.071 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.067 |
| CO2 emissions (kt), 2020 | 446.100 |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita), 2020 | 0.343 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 0 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 0 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 71.746 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 495.045 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 0 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 0 |
| CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use), 2007 | 3.279 |
| CPIA public sector management and institutions cluster average (1=low to 6=high), 2022 | 2.600 |
| Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009), 2009 | 0.025 |
| Ease of doing business rank (1=most business-friendly regulations), 2019 | 181 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), 2007 | 59.841 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per jumi,000 GDP (constant 2017 PPP), 2007 | 25.792 |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 2022 | -12.337 |
| Forest area (% of land area), 2021 | 61.849 |
| Forest area (sq. km), 2021 | 9,197 |
| Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 1.559 |
| Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters), 2022 | 1.372 |
| Methane emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 115.017 |
| Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 4,794.895 |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), 2021 | 50.500 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 102.206 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 273.821 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | -500 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2016 | 204.313 |
| Population growth (annual %), 2022 | 1.529 |
| Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 2.966 |
| Population, total, 2022 | 1,341,296 |
| Poverty headcount ratio at [plugins/custom/cc-indicators/browse-sea-countries.php][10].15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population), 2014 | 24.400 |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5), 2020 | 31.900 |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group), 2020 | 100.891 |
| Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output), 2015 | 0 |
| Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption), 2021 | 11.110 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 1.516 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 227.122 |
| Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 1.904 |
| School enrollment, primary and secondary (gross), gender parity index (GPI), 2020 | 1.032 |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area), 2022 | 5.188 |
| Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area), 2022 | 15.998 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 111.768 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 5,537.129 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 0.043 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 6.492 |
| Urban population, 2022 | 430,207 |
| Urban population (% of total population), 2022 | 32.074 |
| Urban population growth (annual %), 2022 | 2.718 |
| Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 1.062 |
| Climate Change Indicator, as of Year | Latest Data |
|---|
| Access to electricity (% of population), 2021 | 100 |
| Agricultural land (% of land area), 2021 | 39.435 |
| Agricultural land (sq. km), 2021 | 123,600 |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP), 2022 | 11.877 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (% of internal resources), 2020 | 22.776 |
| Annual freshwater withdrawals, total (billion cubic meters), 2020 | 81.862 |
| Arable land (% of land area), 2021 | 21.654 |
| Average precipitation in depth (mm per year), 2020 | 1,821 |
| Cereal yield (kg per hectare), 2022 | 5,905.200 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2015 US$ of GDP), 2020 | 1.097 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per 2017 PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.352 |
| CO2 emissions (kg per PPP $ of GDP), 2020 | 0.333 |
| CO2 emissions (kt), 2020 | 355,323.100 |
| CO2 emissions (metric tons per capita), 2020 | 3.676 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 9.106 |
| CO2 emissions from gaseous fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 20,384.853 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 23.478 |
| CO2 emissions from liquid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 52,559.111 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (% of total), 2016 | 36.265 |
| CO2 emissions from solid fuel consumption (kt), 2016 | 81,187.380 |
| CO2 intensity (kg per kg of oil equivalent energy use), 2013 | 2.564 |
| CPIA public sector management and institutions cluster average (1=low to 6=high), 2015 | 3.500 |
| Droughts, floods, extreme temperatures (% of population, average 1990-2009), 2009 | 1.599 |
| Ease of doing business rank (1=most business-friendly regulations), 2019 | 70 |
| Electric power consumption (kWh per capita), 2014 | 1,431.164 |
| Electricity production from coal sources (% of total), 2015 | 29.571 |
| Electricity production from hydroelectric sources (% of total), 2015 | 36.614 |
| Electricity production from natural gas sources (% of total), 2015 | 33.210 |
| Electricity production from nuclear sources (% of total), 2014 | 0 |
| Electricity production from oil sources (% of total), 2015 | 0.486 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (% of total), 2015 | 0.118 |
| Electricity production from renewable sources, excluding hydroelectric (kWh), 2015 | 181,000,000 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita), 2013 | 663.887 |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent) per jumi,000 GDP (constant 2017 PPP), 2013 | 91.473 |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP), 2022 | 4.379 |
| Forest area (% of land area), 2021 | 46.961 |
| Forest area (sq. km), 2021 | 147,189.900 |
| GHG net emissions/removals by LUCF (Mt of CO2 equivalent), 2000 | 15.105 |
| HFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 15.944 |
| Marine protected areas (% of territorial waters), 2022 | 0.561 |
| Methane emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 87.790 |
| Methane emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 79,619.238 |
| Mortality rate, under-5 (per 1,000 live births), 2021 | 20.600 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 197.005 |
| Nitrous oxide emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 26,832.535 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 348.011 |
| Other greenhouse gas emissions, HFC, PFC and SF6 (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2016 | 22,687.861 |
| PFC gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Population growth (annual %), 2022 | 0.735 |
| Population in urban agglomerations of more than 1 million (% of total population), 2023 | 19.303 |
| Population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 29.670 |
| Population, total, 2022 | 98,186,856 |
| Poverty headcount ratio at [plugins/custom/cc-indicators/browse-sea-countries.php][11].15 a day (2017 PPP) (% of population), 2022 | 1 |
| Prevalence of underweight, weight for age (% of children under 5), 2020 | 11.600 |
| Primary completion rate, total (% of relevant age group), 2022 | 115.854 |
| Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output), 2015 | 36.732 |
| Renewable energy consumption (% of total final energy consumption), 2020 | 19.110 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 12.254 |
| Rural land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 39,976.245 |
| Rural population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 7.165 |
| SF6 gas emissions (thousand metric tons of CO2 equivalent), 2010 | 0 |
| Terrestrial and marine protected areas (% of total territorial area), 2022 | 2.930 |
| Terrestrial protected areas (% of total land area), 2022 | 7.577 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (% change from 1990), 2012 | 213.631 |
| Total greenhouse gas emissions (kt of CO2 equivalent), 2020 | 470,578.100 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total land area), 2015 | 3.690 |
| Urban land area where elevation is below 5 meters (sq. km), 2015 | 12,038.388 |
| Urban population, 2022 | 38,063,117 |
| Urban population (% of total population), 2022 | 38.766 |
| Urban population growth (annual %), 2022 | 2.594 |
| Urban population living in areas where elevation is below 5 meters (% of total population), 2015 | 22.505 |